Exploring the Continent: A Comprehensive Guide to Every Country in the South America

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Geography: Fourth largest continent, bordered by the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. Home to the Andes Mountains and the Amazon Rainforest.

Culture: Diverse mix of indigenous, European, African, and immigrant influences. Spanish and Portuguese are dominant languages.

Economy: Rich in natural resources like coffee, soybeans, and minerals. Economic disparities exist among countries.

Tourism: Draws visitors with natural wonders like Iguazu Falls and cultural attractions like Machu Picchu. Popular for adventure tourism.

Countries: Twelve countries. The brief details of all countries are given below.


Argentina
Capital: Buenos Aires
Currency: Argentine Peso
Official language: Spanish
Government: Republic, Representative democracy, Presidential system, Federal republic, Constitutional republic
Population: 4.62 crores (2022) World Bank
Dialing code: +54
 
Bolivia
Capital: Sucre
Currency: Bolivian boliviano
Official languages: Spanish, Paraguayan Guaraní, Mòoré, Aymara
Government: Republic, Unitary state, Presidential system
Population: 1.22 crores (2022) World Bank
Dialing code: +591

Brazil
Capital: Brasília
Official language: Portuguese
Population: 21.53 crores (2022) World Bank
Government: Presidential system, Federal republic, Constitutional republic
Dialing code: +55
President: Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva

Chile
Capital: Santiago
President: Gabriel Boric
Official language: Spanish
Population: 1.96 crores (2022) World Bank
Dialing code: +56
Government: Unitary state, Presidential system, Constitutional republic, Democratic Republic

Colombia
Capital: Bogotá
Currency: Colombian Peso
Official language: Spanish
President: Gustavo Petro
Population: 5.19 crores (2022) World Bank
Dialing code: +57

Ecuador
Capital: Quito
Currency: United States Dollar
Population: 1.8 crores (2022) World Bank
Official language: Spanish
Dialing code: +593
Government: Unitary state, Presidential system, Constitutional republic
Area: 256,370 km²

Guyana
Capital: Georgetown
President: Irfaan Ali
Prime minister: Mark Phillips
Official language: English
Government: Republic, Unitary state, Semi-presidential system
Population: 8.09 lakhs (2022) World Bank
Gross domestic product: 1,471.84 crores USD (2022) World Bank

Paraguay
Capital: Asunción
Official languages: Paraguayan Guaraní, Spanish
President: Santiago Peña
Area: 406,752 km²
Government: Republic, Unitary state, Representative democracy
Population: 67.8 lakhs (2022) World Bank

Peru
Capital: Lima
Currency: Sol
Government: Republic, Unitary state, Presidential system, Constitutional republic, Democratic Republic
Population: 3.4 crores (2022) World Bank
Dialing code: +51
Area: 1.285 million km²

Suriname
Capital: Paramaribo
Official language: Dutch
President: Chan Santokhi
Population: 6.18 lakhs (2022) World Bank

Uruguay
Capital: Montevideo
Currency: Peso Uruguayo
Population: 34.2 lakhs (2022) World Bank
Official language: Spanish
Government: Republic, Unitary state, Presidential system, Constitutional republic

Venezuela
Capital: Caracas
Currency: Venezuelan bolívar
President: Nicolás Maduro
Population: 2.83 crores (2022) World Bank
Official language: Spanish
Government: Presidential system, Federal republic

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